Part I
Questions are based on Passage 1. (30 points, 3 points each)
Passage 1
Birthdays Around the World
1 Everybody has a birthday. Many children around the world celebrate their birthdays like children in the United States. They have a birthday cake, gifts, and sometimes a birthdays party. Friends and family gather around a table with a birthday cake on it. They sing “Happy Birthday to You”. Two Americans sisters wrote this song in 1893, but people still sing this song today! The birthday cake usually has lighted candles on it, one candle for each year of the child’s life. The birthday child makes a wish and then blows out all the candles. If the child blows out the candles in one breath, it is said that the wish will come true. Other countries have different customs.
2 In Norway, Denmark, and Sweden, people fly the country’s flag outside their home to tell everyone that someone in the family is having a birthday. In Denmark, a parent puts gifts around a child’s bed when the child is sleeping at night. When the child wakes up in the morning, the gifts will be the first thing the child sees. In Sweden and also in Finland, the birthday child gets breakfast in bed!
3 In some countries, some years are more important than others. In Holland, these are 5, 10, 15, 20, and 21. They call them“crown”years. On a crown birthday, the birthday child or young adult gets a much more important gift. The family also decorates the child’s chair at the dining table with flowers, paper, and balloons. The special years in Japan are 3, 5, and 7. These are the lucky years. On November 15 every year, there is a festival called “7-5-3” when the children and their families go to a religious place. Then the family gives a party for the child and gives the child gifts. In India, because of religious reasons, Hindu children only get to celebrate their birthdays until the age of 16.
4 Birthday cakes around the world come in different sizes and flavors. There are even ice cream birthday cakes today. But in China, traditionally there is no birthday cake. Friends and family go out to lunch, and to wish the birthday child a long life, they eat noodles!
Directions: Complete these sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Note that there are three more words than needed.
1. People around the world have different birthday .
2. Children in the United States usually have a birthday cake with on it.
3. Friends and family the child and the birthday cake.
4. It is sometimes not easy to blow out the candles in one .
5. In Norway, Sweden, and Denmark, people put a outside the house.
答案是：
Part IV
Questions are based on Passage 4. (20 points, 4 points each)
Passage 4
If you smoke – particularly cigarettes, you are far more likely than a non-smoker to suffer or die from several major diseases – notably lung cancer.
One smoker in four dies prematurely(过早地) because of his smoking. The risk of dying for a heavy smoker ( between the ages of 35 and 55) is roughly equal to the risk run by a non-smoker, 10 years older.
Cigarette smoking – and to a lesser degree pipe and cigar smoking – may aggravate (使恶化) or be partly responsible for the development of a wide variety of other diseases, which include cancers of the mouth and throat, peptic ulcers (胃溃疡), and loss of teeth.
Women who smoke during pregnancy produce babies on average about 5 to 8 ounces lighter than those who don’t.
Take lung cancer for example:
Britain’s lung cancer figures are the highest in the world, and rising. Ninety people die every day, 33,000 in 1969. Almost all these deaths can be attributed directly to tobacco smoking. The prospects of a cure for lung cancer are, at present, remote, and it is impossible to estimate when, if ever, someone will find one. You would be foolish to rely on someone finding a cure before you needed it. One man in eight who dies between the age of 35 and 64 is killed by lung cancer. The figures for women in this age group are lower, about 1 in 20. This is partly because women smoke less, and have not smoked as long. But the figures are still very high.
Directions:
Read passage 4 and then choose the right answer to each of the questions .
答案是：
Part 1
Questions are based on Passage 1. (30 points, 3 points each)
Passage 1
Life is Good in Iceland
1. Iceland is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean. It is between Greenland and Norway. It is part of Europe. This country has a population of about a quarter of a million people. Most of the people live in towns. Reykjavik is the capital and the largest city.
2.Iceland is not as cold as its name sounds. The temperature in January in Reykjavik is the same as in New York City. Icelanders speak Icelandic, which is similar to German, but 99 percent of Icelanders also speak English.
3.Icelanders are the hardest workers in Europe. They work the longest hours. Many people have two or three jobs, and children work during school vacations. Icelanders work hard because life is very expensive, and they want a high quality of life. Iceland is the most expensive country in Europe. Iceland doesn’t make cars or machines. Many of these things come from other countries. That is why they are expensive. However, Iceland has a lot of fish, so fish is not expensive.
4.Icelanders have a great system for health and education. Health care and education are free. All children must go to school from age 6 to age 16. Every person in Iceland can read and write. Icelanders read a lot. They read more books than any other people in the world. Icelanders are healthy, too. The air is clean there because people get natural hot water from the ground to heat their homes.With clean air and a good health care system, Icelanders live long lives. Men in Iceland live the longest lives of any men in the world.
5.Iceland is a great country. The air is clean. People live long. There’s almost no crime. Icelanders have a high quality of life, but they work hard!
Directions:
Complete these sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Note that there are three more words/phrases than needed.
答案是：
3.
Part 2
Questions are based on Passage 2. (30 points, 3 points each)
Passage 2
Go to Sleep
1 Sleep is very important. Did you know that sleep is more important than food? A person who does not sleep dies at a younger age than a person who does not eat.
2 Let’s say you go to sleep 12 hours later than you usually do. It will take your body about three weeks to return to normal. We spend about one-third (1∕3) of our lives on sleep. That’s about 121 days a year!
3 How much sleep do we need? We are all different. A baby needs 16 hours of sleep every day. Children 6 to 12 years old need an average of 10 to 12 hours of sleep. A teenager needs 9 to 10 hours of sleep. An adult needs an average of 7 to 8 hours a night. There are some people who need only 3 hours of sleep. Others need 10 hours of sleep. After the age of 50, the average sleep time goes down to 6.5 hours a night. We need less sleep as we get older.
4 Most people have some nights when they cannot sleep. About one in three Americans has a problem with sleep. Many of these people cannot fall asleep or stay asleep. The name of this problem is insomnia. The word “insomnia” means “no sleep”. Some people say, “I didn’t sleep all night.” They may sleep lightly and wake up several times. In the morning, they only remember the times they were awake, so they think they were awake all night.
5 This is not a new problem. Many famous people in history had insomnia. Some of these people had special ideas to make them sleep.Benjamin Franklin, the famous statesman and inventor, had four beds. He moved from one to the other to fall asleep. King Louis XIV of France had 413 beds and hoped to fall asleep in one of them. Mark Twain, the famous American writer, had a different way. He lay on his side across the end of the bed!
Directions:
Fill in each blank of the text summary with an appropriate word from the box. Please note that five words from the list are redundant.
Sleep is very . We spend about one-third of our lives on sleep. People of different age groups need time of sleep. A teenager requires anof 9 to 10 hours of sleep. An adult needs 7 to 8 hours a . Older people need sleep than younger people. Some people have a with sleep, which is called insomnia. They cannot asleep or stay asleep. Many famous people in had insomnia. For example, Benjamin Franklin, the famous statesman and , had four beds. Hefrom one to the other to sleep.
答案是：
Part 4 Short Answer
Questions are based on Passage 4. (20 points, 4 points each)
1. Auctions are public sales of goods conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asks the crowd assembled in the auction-room to make offers, or “bids”, for the various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures, and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the good. Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by auction. Among these are coffee, skins, wool, tea, furs, species, fruit and vegetables and wines. Auction sales are also useful for land and property, antique furniture, pictures, rare kooks, old china and works of art.
2. An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold; and where and when they can be viewed by prospective buyers. If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together, called a “lot”, is usually given a number. The auctioneer need not begin with Lot 1 and continue in numerical order; he may wait until he registers the fact that certain dealers are in the room and then produces the lots they are likely to be interested in. The auctioneer’s services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible.
3. The auctioneer must know fairly accurately the current market values of the goods he is selling, and he should be acquainted with regular buyers of such goods. He will not waste time by starting the bidding too low. He will also play on the rival among his buyers and succeed in getting a high price by encouraging two business competitors to bid against each other. It is largely in his advice that a seller will fix a “reserved” price, that is, a price below which the goods cannot be sold. Even the best auctioneers, however, find it difficult to stop a “knock-out”, whereby dealers illegally arranged themselves as the only bidder, in the hope of buying goods at extremely low prices. If such a “knock-out” comes off, the real auction sale takes place privately afterwards among the dealers.
Directions:
Read passage 4 and then choose the right answer to each of the questions.
答案是：
Part I
Questions are based Passage 1. （30 points, 3 points）
Passage 1
What to Name the Baby
1 About one billion people live in India. Most of these people belong to the Hindu religion, which is also a way of life. In the Hindu religion, there are special ceremonies for important times in a person’s life. There are 16 ceremonies in all. For each ceremony there is a speical fire, and priests say prayers and read from a pecial book .One of these ceremonies is choosing a name for a baby.
2 The birth of a baby is a hapy time in a Hindu family. Soon after the baby is born, the parents wash the baby and write the word “om”on the baby’s tongue. They write the word in honey with a pen of gold. “Om”is a specail word in the Hindu religion. Hindus say this word over and over again when they are praying.
3 Twelve days after the baby is born, a priest visits the family to name the baby. The priest makes a horoscope for the baby. To make this horoscope, the priest writes down where the stars and planets were at the time the baby was born. From this, he reads the baby’s future and suggests a good name for the baby. Many children have names of Hindu gods and goddesses or have names with other religious meanings.
4 At the ceremony, there are guests. The mother holds the baby. The father is on one side. In front of them, there is a plate with rice on it. The father uses a long, thin piece of gold to write the name of the family god, the baby’s name, and the date of birth on the plate of rice. Then he says the baby’s name in the baby’s right ear. The priest then blesses the baby. He also blesses the candies and food that are given to guests. The ends the cremony of giving a name to a baby.
Directions:
Complete these sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Note that there are three more words than needed.
答案是：
3.
Part II
Questions are based on Passage 2. （30 points, 3 points）
Passage 2
The World’s Most Popular Drink
1 People all over the world drink coffee. It is the world’s most popular drink. The Fr国开形考答案open5.net或联系QQ/微信：18866732ench call it “café”, the Germans “Kaffee”, the Japanese “koohi”, the Turkish “kahve”. But the people of Sweden drink the most coffee—more than five cups a day. Over half of American adults drink it every day, but not as much as in Sweden. Too much coffee is bad for your health.
2 We don’t know who really discovered coffee. There is one story about a man who discovered coffee in Ethiopia, a country in Africa, around the year 700. The man’s name was Kaldi, and he took care of goats. One day, he watched them while they were eating some plants. Soon after they ate the plants, the goats became very excited, and they did not sleep that night. Kaldi tried the plants himself, and he became very excited, too. Other people tried the plants. They decided to boil the plants and then drink the liquid. They, too, couldn’t sleep well at night. This drink became popular and went from Ethiopia to Arabia. By 1200, it was a popular drink in the Arab world. The word “coffee” comes from the Arabic word “qahwah”. Coffee then traveled from Arabia to Turkey, Europe, and the rest of the world.
3 Coffee has been very popular in history. Many famous people loved coffee. The French writer Voltaire needed 72 cups every day. In 1735, the German musician Johann Sebastian Bach wrote music about coffee. Another German musician, Beethoven, counted 60 beans for each cup of coffee he made. That was strong!
4 There are coffee shops and coffee bars all over North America today. They serve all kinds of coffee in different sizes and flavors. Many coffee shops also give customers free Wi-Fi. In fact, it is not unusual for students to go into a coffee shop, buy one cup of coffee, and then sit for hours with their laptops writing their papers and surfing the Web.
Directions: Fill in each blank of the text summary with an appropriate word from the box. Please note that five words from the list are redundant.
Coffee is the world’s most popular drink. Although people all over the world drink it, it is said that too much coffee is not good for one’s . The of coffee is an interesting story. Around the year 700, in Ethiopia, a shepherd named Kaldi found his goats became veryafter eating some plants. He and other people tried to the plants and then drank the . They, too, couldn’t have a good rest at night. This drink became popular and from Ethiopia to the Arab world, Turkey, Europe, and other parts of the world. Many writers and loved coffee. Nowadays, coffee bars and shops coffee in various sizes and flavors.
答案是：
Part IV
Questions are based on Passage 4. (20 points, 4 points each)
Passage 4
Christmas
Christmas Day, which is the most festive time in the United states, falls on December 25th on which Christian people believe Jesus Christ was born. This is the biggest and best-loved holiday in the United States, which is full of joy and gaiety, love and laughter, hospitality and good will.
Americans begin to prepare Christmas long before the actual day. Small families and large business firms prepare the holiday differently. Stores are decorated with the traditional Christmas colors of green and red. Goods associated with
Christmas colors of green and red. Goods associated with Christmas become best sellers at this time. Many Americans take advantage of the time to earn extra money by selling Christmas cards, small gifts and ornaments, etc. The decorating of homes for Christmas is also very common. Most Americans who observe Christmas have a Christmas tree in their homes. People like evergreens and they think that branches of fir will bring good luck and symbolize spring. The Christmas tree is usually covered with strings of colored lights, and a star fixed on top representing the star in the East which guided the three Wise Men to where Jesus was born.
Christmas food is special: bright colored hard sweets, chocolates, clusters of chocolate-covered raisins, walnuts, etc. As for the Christmas dinner, Americans traditionally have turkey or ham, sweet potatoes, vegetables, and Christmas pudding.
Although Christmas is religious in origin, many of the customs and celebrations are no longer religious. Among them, the most popular ones are as follows:
· Exchanging Gifts
This custom originated from the ancient religion of believing that the first Christmas gifts were given by the three Wise Men to the infant Jesus Christ. It has been passed down and become very popular among friends and families in the United States.
· Sending Christmas Cards
This custom first started in London in the 19th century. Today, most Americans send greeting cards to their friends and families at Christmas time. Some people who are friends or relatives and live great distances from each other may not be much in contact with each other during the year – but will usually exchange greeting cards and often a Christmas letter.
· Receiving Gifts from Santa Claus
Santa Claus is believed by American children to be a fat jolly old man with a red suit, red hat and a long white beard. On Christmas Eve Santa Claus comes down through the chimney to bring them gifts. So young children are happiest at this time of the year and look forward eagerly to Christmas morning when they find the gifts they want.
Directions:
Read passage 4 and then choose the right answer to each of the questions 31 – 35 .
答案是：
Part I
Questions are based on Passage 1. （30 points, 3 points each）
Passage 1
Dinner Fresh from the Freezer
1 You need to make dinner, but don’t have any fresh vegetables. So you go to the freezer and take out some frozen ones. When you have dinner, the taste of the vegetables is fresh and delicious. You can thank Clarence Birdseye for that. Clarence Birdseye invented a way for us to have frozen food in convenient packages.
2 Clarence Birdseye was born in 1886 in Brooklyn, New York. He was one of eight children. He loved nature and animals. Later, he started to study biology at college. He didn’t finish college and started to work to make money. In many jobs around the country, he worked with animals and nature.
3 In 1912, Birdseye went to the north of Canada. He liked it there and bought and sold fur. He also took his new wife and baby son there. They lived in a cabin 250 miles (402 kilometers) away from the nearest doctor. He often traveled with the local Inuit people, and he went fishing with them. As soon as one of them caught a fish, it quickly froze because the air was so cold. He asked them, “Are we going to eat this fish today?”The Inuit replied,“No, we already have fish for one month.” Birdseye didn’t understand. How could fish stay for a month and not go bad? Later, when he ate the frozen fish, it was as delicious as the fresh fish. Then he understood! When you freeze fish fast enough, it doesn’t change its taste or the way it looks. He tried this new idea on vegetables. He froze cabbage so his family could eat vegetables in the winter.
4 In 1917, Birdseye returned to the United States and took different jobs. In the end, he worked for a fish company and started to try out the quick-freezing method he learned in Canada. Finally, in 1924, he started a company called Birdseye Seafoods. It sold frozen foods such as fish, meat, and vegetables. In 1930, he tested the foods in Springfield, Massachusetts. For the first time, shoppers saw frozen foods in their grocery store. Did they buy them? Yes, they did! And what a change Birdseye made to the American diet, all because of his curiosity.
Directions:
Complete these sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Note that there are four more words than needed.
答案是：
Part IV
Questions are based on Passage 4. (20 points, 4 points each)
Passage 4
Liberia, the oldest independent Negro state in West Africa, has been struggling for survival ever since its foundation in 1822. Progress has been hampered by constant hostility between the American Negroes whose families returned there in the early 19th century, and the West Africans whose ancestors neve3r left the continent. Though the two groups are of the same race, they are divided by language and outlook and regard each other with deep suspicion creating a conflict which was not foreseen by Liberia’s founders.
In addition, neighboring states, native tribes, disease, and poverty have made life dangerous and difficult. The government has tried desperately, through loans and a trickle of trade, to make ends meet. Anxiety about financial matters lessened somewhat when, in 1910, the United States accepted responsibility for Liberia’s survival. However, not until Harvey Firestone, the American rubber king, decided that the United States must produce its own rubber – with Liberia as the site of the rubber plantations – did Liberia have much hope of paying its debts and balancing its budget (预算).
The rubber industry, founded in the 1920’s and the activity that followed it brought both progress and profit to Liberia. Before that time Liberia had no roads, not mechanical transport and no good port; its people had little education and few tools. Liberians feel that the country is being ruled by rubber. For this reason, the recent discovery of iron ore is important. Liberian leaders are trying to moderate the power of the rubber industry and to establish the country’s political and economic independence.
Directions:
Read passage 4 and then choose the right answer to each of the questions .
答案是：
Part I
Questions are based on Passage 1. （30 points, 3 points）
Passage 1
A Life with Chimpanzees
1 Jane Goodall was born in 1934 in London, England. When she was a child, she loved to play with animals. She loved to read stories about Africa and wanted to go there one day.
2 In 1957, Goodall went on a trip to Kenya in Africa. There she met the anthropologist Dr. Louis Leakey. Leakey wanted to study chimpanzees because they are like humans in many ways. Goodall was very interested. She had no college education or experience, but she was patient and had a strong desire to understand animals. So Leakey chose Goodall to study chimpanzees for him. Goodall went back to England and made plans to return to Africa.
3 In July 1960, Goodall arrived at the Gombe Stream Reserve in what is today Tanzania, Africa. She didn’t know anything about chimpanzees. In fact, most people didn’t know much about chimpanzees at that time. Goodall spent months alone in the forest with the chimpanzees. It was not easy. Every day she walked through the forest and climbed mountains looking for chimpanzees. When she found them, she sat for hours and watched them. Soon she discovered things people didn’t know. Chimpanzees make tools and use them just like humans. Chimpanzees eat fruit and nuts, but they can also kill large animals and eat them. They even kill each other! After five years, National Geographic made a film about Jane Goodall. There were also many articles about her and the chimpanzees in the National Geographic magazine. Soon she became famous.
4 In 1962, Leakey arranged for Goodall to study at Cambridge University. In 1965, she received a Ph.D. in the study of animals. She returned to Tanzania and continued her work. In 1977, she started the Jane Goodall Institute to find out more about chimpanzees and the environment. After 25 years in Africa, Goodall discovered that there were fewer and fewer chimpanzees. She thought the best way to save them was to tell the world about them. She wrote books and articles. In 1991, she started Roots & Shoots, a program for children around the world to help people, animals, and the environment. Eleven years later, the United Nations named her Messenger of Peace. Today, she travels the world and talks about chimpanzees and how we can help animals, people, and our earth.
Directions:
Choose the right answer to each of the questions.
答案是：
Part II
Questions are based on Passage 2. （30 points, 3 points）
Passage 2
The Shepherd’s Boy
There was once a young shepherd’s boy who tended his sheep at the foot of a mountain near a dark forest. It was rather lonely for him all day, so he thought of a plan to get a little company and some excitement. He rushed down toward the village, calling out “Wolf! Wolf!”, and the villagers came out to help him. Some of them stayed with him for a little while. This pleased the boy so much that a few days later he tried the same trick, and again the villagers came to help him. But shortly after this, a wolf actually did come out from the forest and began to scare the sheep. The boy of course cried out “Wolf! Wolf!”, still louder than before. But this time the villagers, who had been fooled before, thought the boy was again deceiving them. Nobody came to his help. So the wolf ate the sheep from the boy’s flock, and when the boy complained, the wise man of the village said, “It is your own fault if, after so often taking your lie for a truth, we at last took your truth for a lie.”
Directions:
Complete these sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Note that there are three words more than needed.
答案是：
Part IV
Questions are based on Passage 4. (20 points, 4 points each)
Passage 4
Kite flying is the spot of sending up into the air, by means of the wind, a light frame covered with paper, plastic or cloth. The frame can be one of many different shapes and is attached to a long string held in the hand or wound on a drum. Kites have a long history of practical application and many different types of kite have been developed to serve various purposes.
The ancient Chinese used bird-kites to carry ropes across rivers and valleys. The current folding kite which will dive excitingly is an improved type of such a kite. With its long flat body and single pair of bird-like wings, it looks just like a large bird in the air. The modern version is usually made of tissue-paper rather than the traditional silk.
Man-lifting kites were developed in ancient time, again by the Chinese, for getting information from walled cities and army camps. In fact, as recently as World War II, German U-boats flew kites from their towers to lift people into the air to watch the land. These kites, which are no longer in existence, were made of light-weight cloth. They were much larger and stronger than the Chinese ones. Their design, however, was simply that of the cutter kite. Smaller in size, this type of kite is still very popular as a toy for children, being easy to make with a diamond-shaped frame, no wings and brown-paper covering.
Box-kites are another type of kite found in toy shops today. The first box-kite, named for its box-like body, was developed in the nineteenth century to test theories of flight and this type of cotton-covered kite greatly assisted the success of early aeroplanes. These kites are the ancestors of a heavier version of the box-kite, called the double box-kite, which consists of two main sections, placed side by side. Developed for the peacetime purpose of fishing in strong sea wind, it is the only modern kite described which has practical value. A long-lasting plastic material has to be used for this kite, which carries fishing lines.
Read passage 4 and then choose the right answer to each of the questions .
答案是：
转载请注明：奥鹏作业之家 » 国开23秋《英语阅读(1)》形考练习一二三四五【参考答案】